Method of and device for shaped effect yarns with or without ladders

ABSTRACT

Method of and apparatus for producing shaped effect yarns with or without ladders. A stretched main thread and an effect thread are fed in parallel relationship through a rotating hollow spindle carrying a yarn body with a fastening thread. The effects are shaped and fastened by the fastening thread after the stretched main thread and the loose effect thread simultaneously pass through a set of rollers whose pressure is continuously regulated. The main and effect threads are not twisted in the hollow spindle with the fastening thread but twist with it between a differentiator-regulator which rotates with the spindle and pulling rollers downstream thereof.

United States Patent n91 Petroy et al.

[ METHOD OF AND DEVICE FOR SHAPED EFFECT YARNS WITH OR WITHOUT LADDERS[75] inventors: Georgi Mitoy Petroy; lliya Marinoy lliey; RaugelGeorgiey lloy, all of Sofia, Bulgaria [73] Assignee: DSO Textil", Sofia,Bulgaria [22] Filed: Aug. Q6, 1974 [211 Appl. No.: 500,703

[30] Foreign Application Priority Data Aug. 27, I973 Bulgaria 24402 [52]US. Cl. 57/18; 57/160 [Sl] Int. CL... DOIH 7/88; DOZG 3/34; D026 3/38[58] Field of Search 57/6, l3, l4, l5, l6, 17,

[56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,445,994 5/l969 Nalpas57/l8 X Dec. 30, 1975 Primary Etamifler-Donald E. Watkins [57] ABSTRACTMethod of and apparatus for producing shaped effect yarns with orwithout ladders. A stretched main thread and an effect thread are fed inparallel relationship through a rotating hollow spindle carrying a yarnbody with a fastening thread. The effects are shaped and fastened by thefastening thread after the stretched main thread and the loose effectthread simultaneously pass through a set of rollers whose pressure iscontinuously regulated. The main and effect threads are not twisted inthe hollow spindle with the fastening thread but twist with it between adifferentiatorregulator which rotates with the spindle and pullingrollers downstream thereof.

6 Claims, 1 Drawing Figure U.S. Patent Dec. 30, 1975 METHOD OF ANDDEVICE FOR SHAPED EFFECT YARNS WITH OR WITHOUT LADDERS The presentinvention relates to a method of and an apparatus for obtaining shapedeffect yarns with or without ladders.

With certain methods for producing shaped effect yarns where a shapedring twister is used, a second twisting process becomes necessary inorder to make the effects permanent. The productivity diminishes as aresult of twisting with the spindle-ring-runner.

The other methods for obtaining shaped effect yarns in a continuousprocess use a hollow spindle, and a yarn carrier for securing theeffects, wherein the main and the effect-shaping thread pass through thehollow spindle, and the effects are secured when the fastening threaddoes not pass through the hollow spindle but through a tip fixed on itstop. The effects are secured when the main, the effecting, and thefastening threads have passed through an immovable thread guide whichfollows the hollow spindle.

There are also other methods that use a hollow spindle carrying afastening thread, but the main and the effecting threads are notconveyed by supplying rollers through which the threads pass in aparallel manner.

The main disadvantage of the methods for obtaining shaped effect threadsby means of hollow spindles is the limited variety of the effects whichare possible; further, with the striking ring twisters the productivityis low.

It is among the objects of this invention to produce various effects asto shape, density and dimensions of the threads by the same devices,with simplified regulation and with high productivity.

The objects are achieved as follows: Through a set of pressure rollerslocated in front of a hollow spindle there are passed threads withdifferent linear speeds as a result of braking them by various brakes.The effect threads have the linear speed of the feeding rollers, and themain thread has a lower speed because of its being braked. After passingthe rollers, the threads pass through the hollow spindle at the outletof which there is affixed a differentiator-regulator. The latter rotateswith the spindle, and twists the threads passing through the feedrollers. The effect thread, which is twisted around the stretched mainthread as a result of the rotation of the spindle with thedifferentiator-regulator, passes along the arm or spiral-open-ring ofthe latter, thus twisting the threads together to fasten the effectthread to the main thread.

The fastening thread is supplied by a yarn body that rotatessimultaneously with the spindle. All the twisted threads are then pulledout by pressure rollers which follow the hollow spindle, the threadsbeing fed through a rotating drum to be wound on a bobbin. A variety ofeffects is obtained by regulating the stretching of the thread passingthrough the feeding rollers by changing the speed of feeding of eachthread, or of all threads together, which in itself is obtained eitherby changing the speed of rotation of the feeding and leading rollers bychanging the pressure between the feeding rollers, or by changing thebraking of the threads in advance of the feeding rollers.

The invention allows a speed of rotation of the spindle to 60,000revolutions per minute. Stepped pulleys may be employed for driving thefeeding roller and the pulling roller, and the systems for regulatingthe stretching of the threads, thereby allowing all kinds of fibers tobe used in order to obtain an unlimited variety of shaped effect yarnswith or without ladders. The effect threads or fibers can also becombined in various colors and thicknesses.

The invention will be more fully understood upon consideration of theillustrative preferred embodiment shown in the accompanying drawing. inthe drawing:

The single FIG. schematically illustrates an apparatus in accordancewith the invention for practising the method for producing shape effectyarns with or without ladders in accordance with the invention.

A main thread 1 unwound from a bobbin 2 is braked by a brake 3. Effectthread 4 is unwound from a bobbin 5 and is braked in brake 6. The thusbraked threads 1 and 2 pass together through a thread guide 7 andpressure rollers 8 and 9 of which roller 9 is driven. The pressure ofroller 8 on roller 9 is continuously regulated from e.g. 0.10 kg. to 8kg. by means of a screw 10 which moves a nut 11 thereon against a coilcompression spring 12. The difference in the thickness of the mainthread 1 and the effect thread 4 results in the feeding of thread 4 atthe linear speed of the rollers 8 and 9; the main thread 1 downstream ofits braking in brake 3 slides and has its speed determined by a pair ofpulling rollers 13 and 14 disposed downstream of the hollow spindle 15.The hollow spindle is driven by a belt and pulleys 17 and 31. Spindle 15carries a yarn body 16 which is held non-rotatable by means not shownand is provided with a fastening thread 18 which is fed into the righthand end of the spindle, a differentiator-regulator 19 being mounted onthe output end of the spindle. The finished-composite yarn Y is wound ona bobbin 21 driven by a known drum 20 provided with double helical yarnguiding grooves.

The rollers 9 and 14 of the feeding roller pairs 8, 9 and the pullingroller pair 13, 14, respectively, are driven by means of a beltconsisting of pulleys 23 and 24 on a shaft 27. Shaft 27 is driven by aworm 28 on a shaft 30, worm 28 meshing with a worm gear 29 on shaft 27.As shown, the pulley 31 is affixed to shaft 30, so that such shaftdrives the spindle 15. A motor M drives shaft 30 through a belt andpulleys, as shown, and thus drives feeding rollers 9 and 14, and spindle15. The winding drum 20 is driven from shaft 34, to which pulley 25 isaffixed by a belt entrained over pulley 26 or shaft 32.

Through the rotation of the differentiator-regulator 19 the thread 4 forshaping the effects twists around the main thread 1.

The threads 1 and 4 are passed together with the fastening thread 18,without twisting with it, through the hollow spindle l5 and then throughthe differentiator-regulator 19. When the spindle 15 rotates, the mainthread 1 and the effect thread 4 are twisted with the fastening thread18 in the zone T between the differentiator-regulator 19 and the nip ofrollers 13 and 14. As a result, the fixed effects are shaped and can notbe dislocated when the yarn is used in weaving, knitting, etc.

The dimensions of the effects can be changed by changing the linearspeed of rollers 8, 9; the thickness and shape of the effects variesaccording to the degree of pressure between rollers 8, 9 that is, thedegree of compression of spring 12 between nut 11 and an arm 32 attachedto the bearings carrying roller 8 and pulling between the rollers 8, 9and the brake 3.

As noted above, the pulleys 22 and 23, on the one hand, and the pulleys24 and 25 are preferably stepped, so as to provide for variation in thedegree of stretching of the threads between roller pairs 8, 9 and l3,14. Alternatively, one or both of pulley pairs 22, 23 and 24, 25, may beof the PlV (positive infinitely variable) type such as, for example, a Vpulley pair provided with a V belt, the pulleys being continuouslychangeable in effective diameter in opposite directions.

Although the invention is illustrated and described with reference to aplurality of preferred embodiments thereof, it is to be expresslyunderstood that it is in no way limited to the disclosure of such aplurality of preferred embodiments, but is capable of numerousmodifications within the scope of the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

1. Method of producing shaped effect yarns, comprising feeding inparallel relationship a stretched main thread and an effects thread intothe inner end of and through a rapidly rotating hollow spindle carryinga yarn bobbin with a fastening thread, introducing the fastening threadinto the inner end of the hollow spindle with the main thread and theeffects thread, pulling such three threads by a pulling means disposeddownstream of the spindle, and twisting the three threads between suchpulling means and a differentiatorregulator mounted on the exit end ofthe spindle and rotating therewith.

2. A method in accordance with claim 1, comprising retarding the mainthread and the effects thread by brakes and then passing themsimultaneously through a set of pinch rollers disposed in advance of thespindle,

4 at least one roller of said set of pinch rollers being driven, thepressure between said pinch rollers being continuously regulated.

3. A method in accordance with claim 1, wherein the dimensions of theeffects thread vary according to relative difference in the linear speedbetween the rollers which simultaneously feed the main thread and theeffects thread, on the one hand, and the linear speed of the means whichpulls the completed yarn from the differentiator-regulator of thespindle, on the other.

4. A method in accordance with claim 1, comprising varying the densityof the effects thread and its shape by continuously altering thepressure from 0.10 kg. to 8 kg. between the two feeding rollers whichare disposed upstream of the hollow spindle.

5. Apparatus for producing shaped effect yarns, comprising a rapidlyrotating hollow spindle, a non-rotating bobbin carrying a fasteningthread carried by the spindle, a pair of feeding rollers disposedupstream of the inner end of the hollow spindle for simultaneouslyfeeding the main thread and the effects thread to the spindle, and meansfor continuously regulating the pressure between said feeding rollers.

6. Apparatus as claimed in claim 5, wherein the means for continuouslyregulating the pressure between the feeding rollers comprises a coiledcompression spring having one end thereof bearing upon the means whichmounts one of said pressure rollers, a screw, and a nut which bears uponthe other end of said coiled compression spring.

1. Method of producing shaped effect yarns, comprising feeding in parallel relationship a stretched main thread and an effects thread into the inner end of and through a rapidly rotating hollow spindle carrying a yarn bobbin with a fastening thread, introducing the fastening thread into the inner end of the hollow spindle with the main thread and the effects thread, pulling such three threads by a pulling means disposed downstream of the spindle, and twisting the three threads between such pulling means and a differentiator-regulator mounted on the exit end of the spindle and rotating therewith.
 2. A method in accordance with claim 1, comprising retarding the main thread and the effects thread by brakes and then passing them simultaneously through a set of pinch rollers disposed in advance of the spindle, at least one roller of said set of pinch rollers being driven, the pressure between said pinch rollers being continuously regulated.
 3. A method in accordance with claim 1, wherein the dimensions of the effects thread vary according to relative difference in the linear speed between the rollers which simultaneously feed the main thread and the effects thread, on the one hand, and the linear speed of the means which pulls the completed yarn from the differentiator-regulator of the spindle, on the other.
 4. A method in accordance with claim 1, comprising varying the density of the effects thread and its shape by continuously altering the pressure from 0.10 kg. to 8 kg. between the two feeding rollers which are disposed upstream of the hollow spindle.
 5. Apparatus for producing shaped effect yarns, comprising a rapidly rotating hollow spindle, a non-rotating bobbin carrying a fastening thread carried by the spindle, a pair of feeding rollers disposed upstream of the inner end of the hollow spindle for simultaneously feeding the main thread and the effects thread to the spindle, and means for continuously regulating the pressure between said feeding rollers.
 6. Apparatus as claimed in claim 5, wherein the means for continuously regulating the pressure between the feeding rollers comprises a coiled compression spring having one end thereof bearing upon the means which mounts one of said pressure rollers, a screw, and a nut which bears upon the other end of said coiled compression spring. 